Tui-na is the oldest known style of massage, dating to 2300 B.C., where it was referenced in the
Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine. Its application is based on Chinese medical theory, and
requires the same rigorous training as acupuncture, and holds the same degree of professional
recognition in Asia. The translation for Tui-na is 'push-pull', describes two of the many techniques used
in this style of bodywork. Although less known than its Japanese counterpart, shiatsu, it is the parent
of all forms of Asian bodywork. Tui-na uses arm and hand techniques to massage the muscles and
tendons of the body and the stimulation of acupuncture points to correct the dysfunctions of the
musculo-skeletal system. External therapies, such as herbal poultices, compresses, liniments and salves,
are used to enhance the therapeutic outcome. As with most styles of Asian bodywork, Tui-na is usually
performed fully clothed. Tui-na is not limited to treating pain, but also treats internal diseases.
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